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There’s an important distinction between fitness and health and here’s how I define the essential difference. Fitness describes a person’s ability or their body’s ability or fitness to do work. Now that work can be their day to day job or occupation or that “work” can be their daily workout, or game of badminton or squash or tennis. In any of these cases, their fitness to undertake the particular form of exertion is what we mean by fitness. Fitness to do exercise would be a good completion of the description of what fitness means.
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Health, on the other hand, quite simply put is expressed as an absence of malady or illness. It is quite possible to be fit for a certain type of exercise whilst actually clinically speaking, being unhealthy. The best example I ever heard of this was that of top class athletes – in the example I was quoted, runners. They had the most perfect looking physiques, six packs to die for and not an ounce of fat anywhere it shouldn’t be. They could run 100 metres close to 10 seconds and they would undergo hour upon hour of track and endurance training. Prime examples of human beings in the peak of fitness.
And yet clinically, their hearts had expanded, through all the exertions put upon them to a size where in anyone other than a top flight athlete, their heart would have been defined as diseased by virtue of its over enlargement.
So one can be fit, but in an extreme case, not as healthy as you might expect.
The converse is also true of course. An individual can be healthy, in other words free from illness or disease or abnormality, but not particularly fit. In other words, not necessarily able to undertake the same level of physical exertion as someone more traditionally described as fit.
It becomes clear that what is required is of course a balance. Being illness or disease free is of course desirable, but then being fit to be able to undertake work is also required. Many schools of thought will even assert that fitness and the regular exercise associated with becoming and keeping fit can also enhance health, although few will take the other view that by virtue of being healthy, one is also “automatically” fit. The evidence of the well being felt by people who undertake regular exercise would seem to suggest that fitness and exercise can in fact positively contribute towards health and immunity from disease. Indeed the hormones generated during and after exercise are believed to boost the body’s natural immune system, thereby helping the healthiness of regular exercisers!
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